Where this starts
Every sip tasted the same.
Anya was given a rehydration drink when she was ill - sugar and salt stirred into water - and noticed that every mouthful tasted exactly like the one before.
📚 Chapter Learning Kit
Solutes, Solvents and Solutions · Class 8 Science · Curiosity
English 5 topics 175 leveled MCQs 85 flashcards 5 games Free
Shared by a Veda teacher · Generated with Veda AI · Oct 2026
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Evenly spread throughout
Nothing had settled.
The sugar and the salt had spread through the whole glass, in the same proportions everywhere.
A mixture that is not uniform
Now try chalk powder.
Stir a spoon of chalk powder into water and it clouds the water, then drifts down and gathers at the bottom.
How the experiment runs
Count the spoons.
Half fill a clean tumbler with water and stir in one level spoon of salt. It goes. Add a second and stir, and that goes too.
What happens in the end
It cannot go on.
At some point a spoonful stirs and stirs and does not disappear.
Unsaturated and saturated
Two names for two stages.
Up to that point the solution could still have taken more salt at that temperature, and such a solution is called unsaturated.
📖 Smart notes
What you'll study, topic by topic
1
Solute, Solvent and Solution
A uniform mixture is a solution: mix a solid into a liquid and the solid is the solute and the liquid the solvent, and with two liquids the smaller amount is the solute.
- A mixture whose parts are evenly spread throughout is called a uniform mixture.
- Chalk powder, sand or sawdust stirred into water gives a non-uniform mixture.
- The parts of a non-uniform mixture can be told apart by the naked eye or through a magnifying glass; those of a solution cannot.
~40 min · full explanation, examples & memory tricks in the app
2
Saturated, Unsaturated and Solubility
A solution that can still take more solute is unsaturated and one in which the solute settles is saturated; the maximum it will take is its solubility.
- Salt added a spoon at a time to water dissolves at first and then stops dissolving.
- A solution that can still dissolve more solute at that temperature is an unsaturated solution.
- A solution in which the solute ceases to dissolve and starts settling is a saturated solution at that temperature.
~45 min · full explanation, examples & memory tricks in the app
3
Temperature, and Gases in Water
For most solids the solubility rises as the water is warmed, while for gases it falls - which is why cold water holds more of the oxygen aquatic life breathes.
- Baking soda that will not dissolve at twenty degrees Celsius dissolves when the water is warmed to fifty.
- Water at seventy degrees takes more baking soda than water at fifty, which takes more than water at twenty.
- For most substances the solubility in water increases as the temperature increases.
~45 min · full explanation, examples & memory tricks in the app
4
Floating, Sinking and Density
Density is the mass in a unit volume - mass divided by volume - and it explains part of why things float or sink, though not all of it.
- Husk floats while rice sinks, and oil poured into water gathers on the top.
- The everyday answer is that things lighter than the liquid float and heavier ones sink.
- An iron rod and a wooden stick of the same size do not weigh the same, so heaviness must be compared at a fixed volume.
~45 min · full explanation, examples & memory tricks in the app
5
Measuring Density, and What Changes It
Density needs a mass and a volume measured properly - tare, meniscus, displacement - and it falls when a substance is heated and rises when a gas is pressed.
- Switch the balance on, bring the display to zero with the tare button, place the watch glass on the pan and tare it again.
- The display then shows the mass of the object alone, with nothing to subtract.
- Mass is the quantity of matter, in grams and kilograms; weight is the downward pull that the Earth exerts upon an object, in newtons.
~50 min · full explanation, examples & memory tricks in the app
❓ Leveled MCQ practice
Try the smart MCQs from this kit
175 questions laddered from warm-up to topper-level, each with an explanation. A taste:
A mixture whose parts are spread evenly throughout is called
Beginner
A a non-uniform mixture
B a settled mixture
C a cloudy suspension
D a uniform mixture
Show answer & explanation
a uniform mixture
And a uniform mixture has a second name, which is a solution.
A pupil stirs a spoonful of each of four white powders into water. Which of them leaves a non-uniform mixture?
Beginner
A Chalk powder
B Common table salt
C Powdered sugar
D Glucose powder
Show answer & explanation
Chalk powder
It clouds the water and then settles at the bottom, so the mixture is not the same throughout.
In a solution made by dissolving a solid into a liquid, the solid is
Beginner
A a residue
B the solute
C the solvent
D a mixture
Show answer & explanation
the solute
The liquid that dissolves it is the solvent, and the two together make the solution.
Anya finds that every mouthful of her rehydration drink tastes exactly like the one before. What does that tell her about the drink?
Beginner
A The sugar has risen to the top of it
B It contains neither sugar nor any salt
C Its parts are evenly spread through it
D The salt has settled at the bottom of it
Show answer & explanation
Its parts are evenly spread through it
That is what a uniform mixture means, and a uniform mixture is a solution.
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